Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing Practice

Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing Practice

 

Course objective:

1. Examine disciplinary influences on nursing inquiry such as biology, medicine, psychology, sociology, and philosophy, among others.

2. Describe application and adaptation of borrowed theories to nursing practice.

Discussion Question: 6 DQ 1

Discuss “Envisioning Recovery” as an overarching framework for practice development and focus for all health care treatment.

The role of practice development in healthcare is the facilitation of continuous upgrading and improvement of healthcare services. Envisioning recovery is a novel archetype in healthcare that reflects on a model scenario where sustainable changes in health centers is burgeoning renewed interest in innovation and the demonstration of impact from transforming healthcare services.

Practice development in healthcare is enabled by authentically engaging innovation, ingenious skills, resourceful imagination, and practical wisdom in introducing transformative shifts in hospital culture, and embedding these improvements into health fruitful outcomes. Healthcare recovery in essence means that all practices that are redundant, unnecessary, and found to impede progress in imparting safe and patient-focused care are expunged and replaced by newer and enhanced processes. Bovenkamp and Zuiderent-Jerak (2015) posit that experiential knowledge gathered from the experiences of nurses, physicians, patients, and other hospital staff and stakeholders is crucial in designing strategies for change of healthcare provision approaches.

Mahmud, Olander, Eriksnn, and Haglund (2013) place communication advances in health as the key to the promotion of interventions that incorporate ‘recovery envisioning’ into the health industry. In précis, they engage health literacy by asserting that informatics improvement is the primal foundations that abundantly take health industry paradigms to exemplary levels where patient-centered care delivers palatable wellbeing to patients.

Recovery in healthcare is best achieved by placing considerable reliance on healthcare informatics that is managed by practice development units. These units work in cohorts with researchers and healthcare policymakers who determine amicable paths for instilling change of infrastructure, methods, and procedures. Wholesomely, recovery in healthcare industry marks shifts of healthcare delivery to superior standards and better focus on patients.

It is so important for patients to participate in their healthcare and assist in making decisions for them, as that is the only way services can be tailored to their needs; without patient interest and participation, the interventions are likely to fail.  Patients know what they interventions absolutely won’t work for them and need to be encouraged to speak up and state that fact; however, that is a very difficult task for many people, especially depending on age or culture.  It is the responsibility of the healthcare team to ensure the environment they are providing is one of open communication and respect and there the team also needs to encourage patient participation.

People living with mental illnesses and/or addictions want to have hope, eliminate or manage their symptoms, increase their capacity to participate in valued social roles and relationships, embrace purpose and meaning in their lives, and make worthwhile contributions to the lives of their communities.

Recovery-oriented care is based on the recognition that each person must be either the agent of and/or the central participant within his or her own recovery journey, and that all services therefore need to be organized to support the developmental stages of this recovery process. It follows that services also should instill hope, be person-and family-centered, offer choice, elicit and honor each person’s potential for growth, build on a person’s/family’s strengths and interests, and attend to the overall life, including health and wellness, of a person with mental illness and/or addiction.

Discussion Question: 6 DQ 2

How can the knowledge of economic theory be utilized by advanced practice nurses? How can economic theory be applied in analysis of interventions?

The realization that economic theory plays a crucial role in the management of patients may promote the adoption of effective methodologies of nursing administration among advanced practice nurses. Economic theory is a decision-making model for how people allocate scarce resources.  The goal of economic theory is accurate prediction of the choices people make regarding resource allocation. Among the main elements of economic models are the concepts of scarcity, utility, cost, supply, demand, price, and marginal analysis. (Jones & Yoder, 2010). The US healthcare system, for example, focuses on value-based practicing (VBP) to ensure it provides high quality healthcare, incurs low loses, and meets the customer’s expectations (Turkel & Ray, 2000). Therefore, by embracing economic principles of the economic theory, an advanced practice nurse in the can ensure that the fundamental precepts of VBP are met. Also, the nurse can advise other nurses on the steps to take to provide quality healthcare to the patients. Ultimately, the proliferation of the economic theory amongst advanced practice nurses will promote the continuity of the health institution and enhance efficiency in healthcare provision.

The knowledge of economic theory in nursing can help nurses manage scarce resources such as time. When a nurse is allocated a specific amount of time based on the patient’s needs, the nurse should ensure that each patient acquires quality care (Jones & Yoder, 2010). Consequently, the nurse will find it easy to determine which interventions are logical, time-saving, and effective. By considering the time allocated to each patient, a nurse can also develop effective intervention techniques with help of evidence-based practice. Therefore, EBP can help the nurses improve the quality of care and satisfy the needs of each patient.

Economic theory suggests that nurse managers would incorporate marginal analysis when making decisions regarding resource input and production output. Few would argue that scarcity of resources plagues our current healthcare environment. Reports of missed nursing care and rationing of nursing care because of inadequate staff now appear in the literature with increasing frequency. Decisions regarding allocation of nursing care significantly impact the financial performance of hospitals, the job satisfaction of nurses, and most importantly, the health outcomes of patients. (Jones & Yoder, 2010).

An advanced practice nurse may also determine the success of a health care system and provide recommendations to improve the quality of care based on the analysis of the healthcare system using the precepts of the economic theory.

Public health care reforms are often at odds with the realities of government economic policies. Nurses should understand economic arguments put forth to better understand the benefits and pitfalls of proposed reforms. Competition in health care is particularly problematic because economic principles of competition are often misapplied. Modern economic thought developed as society industrialized and sought to understand exchange of scare resources. Why would economics as a science cease to exist without the concept of scarcity?

Scarcity and Health Care Economics:

Scarcity is the key component of economics and means having too few resources to satisfy the needs and wants of humankind. Without scarcity, the science of economics would not exist because there would be no need to make choices or tradeoffs. Choices made to overcome scarcity via alternatives are of particular interest to economists. Contemporary economics can be broadly divided into two fields: (1) Microeconomics: Behaviors in individual markets and small economic units to understand their behavior within the market; and (2) Macroeconomics: The “big picture” market that consider aggregate functions of all markets

Health care economics is a recently developed specialized field and is differentiated by the level of government intervention, intractable uncertainty, asymmetrical information, and externalities it involves.  Uncertainties in particular lead to inefficient resource allocation in health care that forces non-market institutions to compensate for inequalities.

 

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Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing Practice

Introduction

Philosophies and theories are the foundation of advanced nursing practice. They help nurses understand how they can help their clients in a way that’s best for them, as well as how to make decisions about what interventions will work best for each client. In this post, we’ll look at some of the most popular philosophies and theories for advanced nursing practice:

Nursing theories and philosophies.

A nursing theory is a set of ideas that explains how things work in the real world. A philosophy, on the other hand, is a set of ideas that explains how things should be.

For example, there are many theories about how people with chronic illnesses should be treated: maybe they should eat healthier foods or exercise more regularly; maybe they should take fewer medications and see their doctors less often; maybe their care needs could be met by self-evaluation or home care services instead? Philosophies may also include ethical questions about when it’s OK for patients to give up their autonomy (for example: do you have an obligation to keep living as long as possible?).

Philosophical Foundations of Nursing.

Philosophical Foundations of Nursing

The philosophical foundations of nursing are the beliefs and values that guide the practice of nursing. They include Florence Nightingale’s principles and Roy and Watson’s principles, which have been incorporated into many nursing textbooks today. Philosophical foundations provide a framework for understanding the role of values in health care delivery and help to define what constitutes good clinical practice for nurses.

Philosophy is often used synonymously with “philosophy” or “philosophies”; however these terms refer to different things depending on context (i..e., philosophy as an academic discipline vs philosophy as an approach). The word “philosopher” can also be used this way–but it’s not always clear whether we’re talking about philosophers or just plain old philosophers!

Florence Nightingale’s Environment Theory of Nursing.

The Environment Theory of Nursing was developed by Florence Nightingale in the late 19th century. According to this theory, nurses should focus on caring for patients’ environments rather than themselves or their own comfort. A nurse who takes care of her own physical needs is less likely to be able to provide the best care for her patient because she will not be able to devote herself fully to them as she would if she were comfortable herself.

Nightingale’s Environmental Theory has been used in practice ever since it was first published, but many nurses still don’t realize how important it is!

Roy’s Adaptation Model of Nursing.

The Roy’s Adaptation Model of Nursing is based on the belief that the nurse is a facilitator of the patient’s adaptation to their illness. The nurse’s role is to help the patient adapt to the situation and environment.

This model was developed by American physician, Dr. Roy A. Worthen in 1968 and has been used widely throughout nursing education programs since then as a way to understand how nurses can best support patients in their recovery process through various stages of illness or injury recovery (Worthen, 1999).

Peplau’s Theory of Interpersonal Relations in Nursing.

Peplau’s Theory of Interpersonal Relations in Nursing

The Peplau model describes the work relationship between nurse and patient. It describes how nurses relate to patients, what they do and how they do it. This theory focuses on interpersonal relationships rather than the technical aspects of nursing care. The theory emphasizes that all interactions between nurses and patients should be positive, caring, and supportive of each other’s needs–not just for yourself but also for your family members or friends who may have been affected by your illness or injury.

Watson’s Theory of Human Caring/Caring Science.

Watson’s theory is based on the idea that caring is a process of responding to a person’s needs, which can be expressed in different ways. It also emphasizes that individuals who are able to care for others are more likely to have positive relationships with them and feel better about themselves as they grow older.

Theory of Human Caring

Watson’s theory was developed by Thomas E. Watson, Jr., an American physician who was born on January 20th and died on March 30th 1949 at age 74 years old (1). The basic concept of this theory involves using natural resources for survival instead of using artificial means like medical technology or pharmaceuticals (2). This means that when people have trouble finding food or water sources it causes them stress which could lead them towards diseases such as cancer if left untreated (3).

Parse’s Human Becoming Theory/Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness.

Parse’s theory is based on the idea that humans are always becoming. Parse sees health as a process of expanding consciousness, which can be applied to nursing practice. He argues that nurses should promote healing through education, care and compassion for their patients.

In addition to his writing on human development and health, Parse has also been active in promoting peace throughout his life by giving lectures about nonviolent conflict resolution (NVC), including classes at universities such as Harvard University.

He describes NVC as “a new way of thinking about how to resolve differences between people.”

Imogene King’s Conceptual Systems Framework for Nursing.

The Conceptual Systems Framework for Nursing is a way of thinking about nursing that includes the patient, family, community and self. The framework is based on the idea that humans are systems of interacting parts. It was developed by Imogene King in 1999 and uses three levels to describe how these parts interact:

• The patient level–which includes their biological needs and physical condition

• The family level–which includes emotional support from caregivers such as parents or siblings (or even pets!)

• The community level –this includes social networks including friends and other people who provide resources like food or transportation

Social-Systems Approach to Nursing / Borrowed Theory.

The social-systems approach is a conceptual framework that helps nurses understand the complex relationships between people and their environments. It is based on the work of Talcott Parsons, who developed it in 1938.

The theory has been applied to nursing practice by other scholars as well, including Patricia A. Phenix and James Poulin (2005).

Learning about different philosophical approaches can help you grow as a nurse

As a nurse, you have the opportunity to learn about different philosophical approaches. These are different ways of thinking about the world that can help you grow as a nurse and make your practice more effective.

One of the most important things you can do for yourself is find out what philosophy best fits with your own views and values. If you are an atheist, for example, then reading books by religious authors might not be what works best for you in order to grow as a person–and it could even make things worse! There are also many other factors at play here: what kind of person am I? Do I want more spiritual growth or more practical advice? What do my friends think about these concepts? How much time do I have available for reading material like this versus working toward clinical goals (like getting better at problem solving)? These questions will help guide where we go next when learning about any specific topic within our field.”

Conclusion

In conclusion, we have looked at many different philosophical approaches that can help us understand the nature of nursing and how best to practice it. In doing so, we hope to have provided you with some insight into how you might go about developing your own philosophy as a nurse. The most important thing is to continue learning and understanding these theories so that they become part of who you are as an individual; this will help you stay true to yourself while also helping others through your work.