NUR 631 Topic 16 Final Exam Chart

NUR 631 Topic 16 Final Exam Chart

(NUR 631 Final Exam Chart)
Disease S/S Links Testing Treatment
  • Angina Pectoris
  • Myocardial Infarction
  • Pancreatitis
  • Cholecystitis
  • Appendicitis
  • Peritonitis
  • Nephrolithiasis
  • Ovarian Cysts
  • Gout
  • Osteoarthritis
  • Osteoporosis
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis
  • Sciatica
  • Osetomyelitis
  • Cellulitis
  • ADH

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  • Aldosterone
  • ANP
  • BNP
  • Hyponatremia
  • Hypernatremia
  • Diabetes Insipidus
  • SIADH
  • Potassium (3.5-5.0)/ ECF,
  • Hypokalemia
  • <3.5
  • Hyperkalemia >5.5
  • Bicarb (HCO-3)
  • (24-28)
  • CO2 (35-45)
  • pH <7.4=acidic
  • >7.4= akaline
  • Anemia
  • __ of acute blood loss
  • Anemia of chronic blood loss
  • Macrocytic/ Megaloblastic Anemia
  • Iron Deficiency Anemia
  • Aplastic anemia
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
  • Subacute De Quervain’s
  • Valvular Defects
  • Cardiomyopathy
  • CHF
  • Cor pulmonale
  • Addison’s disease
  • Hepatitis
  • NASH (Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis) “Fatty Liver”
  • Cirrhosis
  • (hardening of the liver)
  • Aneurysm
  • Peptic Ulcer
  • Hematuria
  • Hemophilia
  • DIC (Disseminated Intravascular coagulation)
  • DUB (dysfunctional uterine bleeding)
  • Leiomyoma
  • Endometriosis
  • Acute Leukemia
  • … lymphocytic leukemia
  • Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
  • Chronic Leukemia
  • … Lymphocytic Leukemia
  • Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
  • Hodgkin’s lymphoma
  • Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
  • Burkitt’s lymphoma
  • Multiple Myeloma
  • Rheumatic Fever
  • Pericarditis
  • Infective Endocarditis
  • Pleurisy & pleural empyema
  • HIV/AIDS
  • Sepsis
  • Toxic Shock syndrome
  • Syphilis
  • Pharyngitis & Laryngitis
  • Strep Throat
  • Mononucleosis
  • GERD
  • Tonsilitis
  • Broca’s
  • Wernicke
  • Tuberculosis
  • Pneumonia
  • Acute bronchitis
  • Chronic Bronchitis
  • Emphysema
  • Asthma
  • Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
  • Cystic Fibrosis
  • Silicos
  • Abestosis
  • Bronchiectasis
  • Atelectasis
  • Bronchiolitis, croup, epiglottitis
  • Coccidiodomycosis- Valley fever
  • Tigeminal Neurgalgia
  • Headaches
  • Meningitis & encephalitis
  • Temporal arteritis
  • Intracranial hematomas
  • Papilledema
  • Pituitary Adenoma
  • Meniere’s disease
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Graves Disease
  • Thyroid crisis (storm)
  • Toxic Nodular Goiter (TNG)
  • Pheochromocytoma
  • Generalized Anxiety Disorder
  • Obsessive Compulsive disorder (OCD)
  • Panic disorders
  • Post-traumatic Stress disorder (PTSD)
  • Social Anxiety Disorder
  • Assessing level of consciousness
  • Alzheimer’s Disease
  • Huntington’s disease
  • Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
  • Seizures
  • Schizophrenia
  • Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
  • Stroke
  • Parkinson disease
  • Interstitial cystistis (IC)
  • Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
  • Neurogenic, overactive, stress incontinence
  • Diverticulitis/Diverticulosis
  • Ulcerative Colitis (UC)
  • Crohn’s disease
  • Ileus (intestinal obstruction)
  • Down Syndrome
  • Klinefelter syndrome
  • Turner Syndrome
  • Gigantism & Acromegaly
  • Dwarfism
  • Cryptorchidism
  • Hypospadias and Epispadias
  • Polycystic kidney disease
  • Sickle Cell anemia
  • Scoliosis
  • Tetralogy of Fallot
  • Multiple Sclerosis
  • ALS-Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
  • Myasthenia Gravis
  • Bell’s Palsy
  • Tennis Elbow
  • Bursitis & Tendonitis
  • Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
  • Beurger’s Disease
  • Peripheral Vascular disease
  • Thrombophlebitis
  • Primary & Secondary Skin lesions
  • Acne
  • Polycythemia Vera
  • Eczema
  • Psoriasis
  • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
  • Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE)
  • Tinea
  • Candidiasis
  • Herpes
  • Trichomonas
  • Genital Infections
  • Warts/Verrucae
  • Abscesses
  • Intussusceptions/volvulus
  • Hirschprung’s disease-congenital megacolon
  • Meckel’s diverticulum
  • Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
  • Diabetes Mellitus
  • Glomerulonephritis
  • IGA nephropathy: Berger’s disease
  • Wilm’s Tumor
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION;

Hirschprung’s disease-congenital megacolon

Introduction

Hirschprung’s disease is a rare condition that occurs in infants and children. It is caused by a lack of ganglion cells in the myenteric plexus, which causes intestinal paralysis and subsequent obstruction. This can lead to stool retention, severe abdominal pain and fever.

This is an inability of the colon or large intestine to eliminate feces.

Hirschsprung’s disease is an inability of the colon or large intestine to eliminate feces. This can lead to impaction of feces, blockage of the large intestine, rectum, anus and colon (including its appendices), as well as a small intestine.

There are several causes for Hirschsprung’s disease:

  • Inherited genetic mutations that cause defects in nerve cells that regulate muscle activity in your rectum and anus muscles; these nerves don’t function properly so they don’t contract properly when you try to poop out a piece of debris or stool into your body cavity. You’ll also have trouble feeling when you need to go because there isn’t any sensation from inside until after it’s already been expelled into a toilet bowl! If left untreated this could lead to perforation which means that part of one side gets pushed through into another place like maybe even right into another person’s house! That would be bad news indeed!

It usually occurs in children, who may have bowel movements only once a week.

Hirschsprung’s disease-congenital megacolon is a condition that causes a child to have a large amount of stool in his or her rectum. This can be painful for the child and he or she may pass only small amounts of stool at each visit to the doctor.

When it occurs in infants, it can cause constipation and/or diarrhea.

It is a rare disorder that affects about one in every 5 million children. The cause of Hirschsprung’s disease-congenital megacolon is unknown, but it occurs when nerve cells in the colon are missing or damaged.

The disease is diagnosed by an examination of the rectum and colon, as well as an ultrasound. If it is suspected that a child has Hirschsprung’s disease-congenital megacolon, further testing will be done to confirm this diagnosis.

The stool will be hard and dry, but there may also be diarrhea.

Hirschsprung’s disease is a congenital disorder of the large intestine that causes constipation and abdominal pain, but it can also lead to megacolon.

The stool will be hard and dry, but there may also be diarrhea. Painful bowel movements are common in this condition as well. The patient may have fever or vomiting along with abdominal distention (swelling).

It is important to note that many children with Hirschsprung’s disease will have no symptoms at all. They may just appear constipated or bloated, but this isn’t always the case.

The patient may also pass blood in their stool, which can be alarming to parents. However, this is not usually an indication of serious illness.

Passing stools can cause considerable pain.

Passing stools can cause considerable pain.

The symptoms of Hirschsprung’s disease may include:

  • Fever and vomiting

  • Hard and dry stools that are difficult to pass

  • Severe pain in the abdomen, which may be accompanied by diarrhea or constipation

When to seek medical care Hirschsprung’s disease can be life-threatening if it is not diagnosed and treated early. It is important that you see your doctor if you have any symptoms of the condition.

It may be possible to treat Hirschsprung’s disease before it becomes life-threatening. If your doctor suspects that you have the condition, he or she will recommend tests to confirm the diagnosis. The most common test for Hirschsprung’s disease is called a barium enema, which allows doctors to view your large intestine on an x-ray screen.

Other symptoms are fever and vomiting

There are a variety of symptoms that can be associated with Hirschsprung’s disease. Some children will experience abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea and vomiting. Other symptoms include fever, failure to thrive and anemia.

The severity of the symptoms varies between children but they may improve over time if treatment is started early enough in life.

Hirschsprung’s disease can be diagnosed by reviewing your child’s medical history and performing a physical exam. Your doctor may order additional tests, such as blood work or an X-ray. The definitive test for Hirschsprung’s disease is an endoscopy.

Hirschprung’s disease is caused by a lack of ganglion cells in the myenteric plexus that causes intestinal paralysis and subsequent obstruction.

Hirschprung’s disease is caused by a lack of ganglion cells in the myenteric plexus that causes intestinal paralysis and subsequent obstruction. Ganglion cells are responsible for the movement of food through the intestines. If there are not enough ganglion cells, the food cannot move through.

In this case, Hirschsprung’s disease can be diagnosed when an ultrasound shows that your child has multiple small holes in his or her bowel (a form of fistula).

If your child is diagnosed with Hirschsprung’s disease, he or she will need surgery. The operation removes the part of the bowel that does not have ganglion cells and then connects the two ends together. You should also be aware that there are other causes of constipation, so if you think your child has this condition but no holes are present on an ultrasound, it may be something else.

Conclusion

Hirschprung’s disease is a rare disorder that can cause serious complications such as an inability to walk or talk, brain damage, and even death. The most common symptoms include abdominal pain, constipation and diarrhea. In children it may also cause difficulty swallowing food or drinking liquids because of the enlarged colon causing intestinal obstruction (megacolon).


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