NUR 631 Topic 3 Discussion Questions with Answers

NUR 631 Topic 3 Discussion Questions with Answers

(NUR 631 Topic 3 Discussion)

NUR 631 Topic 3 Discussion Question 1

Select two of the following discussion questions for your discussion response. Indicate which questions you have chosen

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using the format displayed in the “Discussion Forum Sample.”

1. Explain how acid-base physiology leads to the regulation of fluid balance and extra cellular pH.
2. What is the equation for the carbonic acid/bicarbonate buffering system? How do actions at the lungs and kidneys affect this equation and thus compensate for alterations in plasma pH levels?
3. How do changes in plasma osmolality affect the physiology of erythrocytes?

NUR 631 Topic 3 Discussion Question 2

Answer both of the following discussion questions for your discussion response.

1. What, in your opinion, is the most dangerous electrolyte imbalance and why? Explain the pathophysiology of the imbalance.
2. Disease processes can cause an array of fluid and electrolyte imbalances. What does a nurse practitioner need to consider when treating various diseases? When a patient has hemodynamic instability associated with orthostatic hypotension, what treatment is considered to provide stability?

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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION;

Explain how acid-base physiology leads to the regulation of fluid balance and extra cellular pH.

Introduction

The pH of a solution is a measure of its acidity or basicity. This property of solutions enables us to classify them as acidic, basic, or neutral (reference). In biological systems, pH can be used to measure the availability of key nutrients and hormones to cells, determine the effectiveness of certain drugs and chemicals in treating diseases and disorders, and assess tissue health (reference). Therefore, understanding how pH works in your body can help you understand how your body works (reference).

How do you measure pH?

The pH scale is a logarithmic scale that measures the hydrogen ion concentration of an aqueous solution. An acidic solution has a lower pH and an alkaline solution has a higher pH. It ranges from 0 to 14 with each integer representing ten times more hydrogen ions than the previous one. A neutral or basic solution has neither high nor low levels of hydrogen ions, so it sits in between other values on this scale.

The pH of your blood can be measured using colorimetry if you have access to paper strips or if you know someone who does!

How does pH effect human physiology.

The regulation of fluid balance is achieved by the regulation of intracellular pH and extracellular pH. Intracellular acidosis occurs when the blood pH is lower than normal, while extracellular alkalosis occurs when it is elevated.

Intracellular Acidosis: A decrease in the concentration or activity of cellular hydrogen ions (H+) due to increased H+ secretion by renal tubular epithelium cells that aid in renal excretion. This results in an increase in pore size and an increase in fluid reabsorption at enterocytes along with a decrease in filtration rate (filtration fraction).

Extracellular Acidosis: An increase in H+ concentration due to an excess supply from extrarenal sources such as sweat glands; lungs/airways; salivary glands; gastric secretions; urine loss after vomiting/diarrhea

What is the importance of pH in biology and medicine.

pH is the measure of acidity or alkalinity, and it’s a key factor in our bodies. The pH of blood is tightly regulated by kidneys, which actively regulate electrolyte content by excreting or retaining sodium ions (Na+) and potassium ions (K+). These two elements have opposite effects on blood pH: when Na+ concentrations rise slightly above normal levels, they cause the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration to fall slightly below normal; this causes water molecules to become “disproportionately” hydrated or more strongly bound together and lowers its overall concentration.

For example: if you have a high enough level of ammonia a waste product produced by decomposing proteins in your bloodstream due to an illness like diabetes mellitus type 1a or Alzheimer’s disease (AD), then your kidneys will retain more sodium than usual so as not allow any excess ammonia into tissues where it could be harmful; likewise if there are too many toxins built up in cells due to chronic inflammation caused by cancer treatment then they’ll release some amino acids into urine rather than being metabolized further down stream where they could be reused later on down stream before reaching kidneys again after being filtered through several layers including liver cells first…

You can learn how to measure your blood pH using a simple paper strip.

In order to test your blood pH, you need a paper strip. The best way to do this is by making a solution (1 part milk and 1 part vinegar) that will change color when mixed with water. You can also use litmus paper if you don’t have time or access to milk and vinegar, but in some cases this may not work as well.

Take two drops of the solution into each nostril, hold it up against the light source for 5 seconds before moving onto step 2 below:

• Place one end of the strip over one end of an index card so that both ends stick out slightly past its edge (see image below). This will give us enough room for our fingers without disturbing too much air flow inside our nose passage during testing which may cause inaccurate results due to interference from other gases present therein such as carbon dioxide etcetera.”

Conclusion

We have covered the basics of acid-base physiology and its importance in medicine. If you are interested in learning more about this topic, we recommend that you check out our other articles on acid base physiology!