Essay: Fundamental Pattern for Nursing Knowledge and Barbara Carpers Theory of ?Ways of Knowing? Essay: Fundamental Pattern for Nursing Knowledge and Barbara Carpers Theory of ?Ways of Knowing? Nursing takes on a different type of learning that represents many various aspects and abilities that include a wide variety of skills and shapes the ways of knowing in nursing. Carpers (1978) pivotal work of identifying the ways of knowing nursing was a seminal work that laid the groundwork for further research. Her ways of learning have established approaches that have helped both the nursing discipline and the profession to further its knowledge. He divided awareness into two types that are both implicit and explicit. Tacit is observations and experience-based, and not easily visible and expressible, hard to share and interact with highly personal people. Empirical sources of information depend on the way a person experiences and react to outside-world events. Whereas explicit is systematic and based on logic and can easily be articulated, transmitted, communicated, which are concepts of high universality. Rationalism comes from within the person and relies more on abstract reasoning than on real-world data. Nevertheless, his main areas of knowing to include Aesthetic knowing, ethical knowing, Empirical knowing, and personal knowing. ORDER YOUR PROFESSIONAL PAPER HERE There have emerged two other forms of knowing, ?unknowing? pattern; and also Zanders sociopolitical awareness (2011, p. 9) or emancipatory model (Chinn & Kramer, 2011, p. 5). Here those trends are explored in my practice through interactions. Carper (1978) defined the first way of knowing to be empirics. Nurses and nursing students alike are familiar with this most. This form of expertise is obtained by proving something right or wrong. A simple example of acquiring this form of expertise is when we pick and conduct our science fair experiments in grade school. We follow the scientific method, we test a hypothesis, and we repeat predictable results. This empirical knowledge is based heavily on the data obtained through other disciplines, especially medicine. As Fawcett (2006) noted, more medical care is being taken by nurses, which requires more knowledge of life sciences.White (1995) attempts to criticize this way of knowing, rather than looking at a way to collect data by essential works that look at data relations. In this view, the experience learned from the relationships of the variables is acquired. I am continually learning in my nursing practice. One reason I choose this career is that it helps me to keep learning and improving my work environment while also being able to progress in my profession?the most recent example of receiving empirical knowledge from my fellow nurses and me. As I reflect on my experience in nursing, I am reminded of the skills that have helped me to learn what I know about nursing. Through Carpers theory, nurses should focus on situations that ?provide paths that can be considered to be the fullness of a situation? (Johns, 1995, p. 227). Firstly, I would like to comment on the case of a five-year-old boy brought by police to the E.R. for assessment. Upon admission, I had to apply the four areas of knowing to help me attend to the patient. When the patient was brought, no nurse seemed to be concerned with the state of the patient, yet he needed urgent attention. I immediately applied ethical knowing whereupon it works on the principle of right and wrong. I knew that my personal ethic should be based on my duty to save life and respect human life. I had to do the necessary. Rather than assume that the boy might not be in bad condition, I responded to his situation and helped save a life. Also, in my other care for patients, I do use the Evidence-based practice approach while applying Empirical knowing to attend to my patients effectively. The goal has always been providing the best care possible to my clients. Its what keeps me going. For the case of the boy, I also applied aesthetic knowing to attend to him. I let myself into discovery mode. I discovered that patients who experience accidents need to be attended to carefully without a hurry. This helped me deliver the best care to him, and after a while, he did receive a breakthrough. These ways of awareness help me to have a completely open mind about the situation and how it affects my patient, effectively denying and even questioning what I think and what I already know. Some knowledge, such as empirical knowledge, is easier to understand and put into practice. In contrast, other knowledge is much more challenging to attain, especially when it comes to ethical or sociopolitical issues.The knowledge trends described by Carper (1978) were instrumental in the development of nursing knowledge and the marking of what that information is. Throughout the study, these trends interweave and continue to develop other patterns of knowledge when adding to the body of knowledge in nursing.Studying each area of knowledge without studying the ways of knowing could be considered pointless, since each area of knowledge can be said to be intricately intertwined with innumerable forms of knowing, all linked in some respect to each other. It is, therefore, important to appreciate the ways of knowing that accompany any area of knowledge. Role of Research In Nursing And Developing New Research Methods In Oncology; Cancer Treatment One of the areas that require extensive research in the nursing field. Research in nursing plays a vital role in the development of applied medicine. Through research, nurses can identify effective practices to improve patients care. In the health field, saving and respecting human life is critical. Because of this, more research needs to be done to help come up with better alternative ways of managing ailments. Since new information comes to light daily, nurses must be prepared. Through research, new ideas and findings are uncovered that can assist in altering previous misunderstandings, create new treating methodologies, and also pave the way for new treatment protocols. All of these helps improve patients health care. The main reason, therefore, why research in nursing is crucial is that it is geared towards improving patients health care by coming up with better alternative ways of managing severe diseases. Furthermore, research in nursing enables nurses to respond to the changes in health care settings, government regulations, and patients population. One of the areas that need more research in nursing is oncology. Oncology is a branch of medicine that deals with researching, preventing, and treating cancer. The word ?Onco? stands for ?tumor? and ?logy? means ?test.? Our body contains two types of cells-normal cell & cancer cells. As the regular cell grows old, they die naturally and form new cells. But the cancer cells will not die, and it develops and builds tumors in abundance. The oncology specialist who works is called an oncologist. The doctor detects the cancer with tests such as Biopsy, Ultrasound, CT Scan, MRI, and Endoscopy before starting treatment. There are various types of oncology, including Pediatric Oncology, Hemato Oncology, Clinical Oncology, Molecular Oncology, etc.Today, cancer is the most common and deadliest illness. There are several cancer treatment facilities with a well-experienced surgical oncologist. We need to have a sound mindset to cure cancer. Cancer is a condition caused by cells growing out of control and becoming rogue. A genetic mutation (caused by radiation, chemicals, viruses, etc.) results in a cell being ?immortal.? Effectively, the genes that are supposed to tell it when to die no longer work, which ensures that the cell keeps going-making several copies of itself, all with the mutated gene-rather than dying after a fixed number of divisions.In some cases, this is detected by the immune system, wiping out the rogue cells before they get too out of balance. You dont know how many times the bodys cells have done this and washed it out before you even realize it. New methods for researching the cure for cancer should be developed. Perhaps the hardest problem with cancer treatment is the fact that each cancer has its cancer stem cell. You need to learn about the cancer stem cells if you want to cure cancer. The most significant breakthrough in cancer research in the last decade has, in my opinion, been the recognition that conventional cancer treatment procedures are not working very well. They included the use of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Surgery is effective in treating early cancer.But it was challenging to get radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Instead, in the last ten years, immunotherapy for cancer has emerged as the missing link. Only when we understand that most, if not all, tumors have their cancer stem cells (CSC), can the full truth about cancer be grasped. This was only known in the past for leukemia, mainly due to a lack of tools for evaluating solid tumors. With this new idea of cancer stem cells, cancer can be treated only when the CSCs are eradicated. Conventional medicine used to believe that powerful treatments such as radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery actually can fight cancer. The strategy, however, has mostly failed. The stem cells survive chemotherapy and radiotherapy. It is only immunotherapy that has an opportunity to get rid of the last cancer cells. New stem cells and lengthening of telomeres should be identified in humans that may rejuvenate the immune system and give the body more energy to combat cancer. Essay: Fundamental Pattern for Nursing Knowledge and Barbara Carpers Theory of ?Ways of Knowing? ? ? Knowing Whether a Topic Qualifies as Research Worthy and The Criteria to Be Used Before doing your research, it is essential to consider whether the topic you have picked is qualified for the research, and that area is worthy of studying. The first step when doing research is always to ponder on the topic that you will be researching. The topics are often generated from a specific problem that you once encountered in your area of specialization. Sometimes, you may also have an area outside your specialty that has been of interest to you, and you have been thinking about for quite sometimes and would like to pursue it further. You may also have been reading journals or newspapers, and in the process, a concerned area appears to you that needs further research. Whichever the case, whatsoever research topic you have chosen, it must be an area of interest to you. Essay: Fundamental Pattern for Nursing Knowledge and Barbara Carpers Theory of ?Ways of Knowing? ORDER YOUR PROFESSIONAL PAPER HERE A topic qualifies as worthy of study when we find gaps in the items that have been found after doing a comprehensive literature review. Thus the requirements making a subject suitable for the study is the existence of holes in the knowledge that have already been identified and attempts being made to fill those gaps through research.therefore, a research-worthy problem is an issue that is impactful as it lacks an established viable solution, and solving it through study would result in ?an original contribution to the relevant knowledge base.? The researchers, however, warn that an issue worthy of study is not focused on superficial observations. It is not based merely on data connections. It doesnt produce a simple yes or no answer. Such elements, however, may be part of the journey to discover a research-worthy issue. Essay: Fundamental Pattern for Nursing Knowledge and Barbara Carpers Theory of ?Ways of Knowing? The criteria for choosing a research topic is quite clear. Since research is a comprehensive task, it needs significant attention as a researcher on your part. The very first thing that will determine whether your research will be successful or not is your chosen research topic. To pick on a research topic, you must first consider which area needs more research. Identifying an area of concern and interest to you is the key to developing a successful research topic. Secondly, you need to consider the clarity of your topic. Clarity is the most critical quality of any research topic. For others to easily understand the nature of your study without straining, the research topic must be very clear. It must have a single interpretation so that the readers do not get distracted. Thirdly, your research topic should be well defined. In most cases, researchers develop research topics that give double-barreled impressions to the readers hence making it difficult to interpret. Also, when choosing the research topic, consider an area that people would like to be studied. Developing a research topic from an area that interests many people, yet no one has ever researched it is key to successful research. Essay: Fundamental Pattern for Nursing Knowledge and Barbara Carpers Theory of ?Ways of Knowing? Order Now

 

 

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Fundamental Pattern for Nursing Knowledge and Barbara Carpers Theory

Introduction

The fundamental pattern of knowing in nursing is a pattern of thinking that can be applied to all aspects of nursing practice. The patterns enable nurses to think about knowledge and learning in ways that are relevant for their practice. They provide an organizing framework for understanding the nature and nature of nursing knowledge, its sources, processes and practices.

Patterns of knowing

The first pattern of knowing is personal. This is the knowledge one has gained through experience and observation, which can be shared with others but may not have been formally recorded in any way.

The second pattern of knowing is empirical. Empirical knowledge refers to facts and information obtained through observation or experimentation, such as a doctor learning how to perform surgery by watching other doctors do it.

The third type of patterning known as aesthetic or ethical judgments can be applied when there is no specific data available for analysis; instead you use your own intuitions about what seems right or wrong in certain situations (for example: whether or not someone should go out for lunch).

Personal knowing

Personal knowing is based on a single person’s experience. It is subjective, unique to that individual and can be wrong.

Personal knowing is an important part of nursing knowledge because it allows for the development of clinical expertise through experience and observation. It also provides you with the opportunity to gain more information about your patients’ health status by learning about them directly from them instead of relying on research findings or other sources of information such as textbooks or online resources (i.e., websites).

Empirical knowing

Empirical knowing is based on the collection of data through observation and experimentation. It is used to develop nursing theory, practice, and education.

• Observation: In order to gather empirical data from patients or clients, you must be able to observe them as they interact with their environment (e.g., family members). You can also observe how your patients respond when you ask questions about themselves or others around them.

• Experimentation: When conducting experiments in your practice setting (e.g., teaching), it is important that you follow all safety guidelines set forth by federal laws such as OSHA regulations which require certain precautions when performing experiments on humans such as wearing protective clothing such as goggles and gloves while handling potentially harmful substances like chemicals used during chemistry labs at school

Esthetical knowing

Esthetical knowing is a type of knowing that involves the creation, appreciation and understanding of beauty. Esthetic judgment is subjective; it relies on personal intuition rather than evidence or logical analysis.

Esthetic knowledge can be applied to any area of art, craft or design including architecture, music composition and painting. It includes esthetic principles such as balance, harmony and proportion which guide an artist’s creative process in creating works that are pleasing to the eye.

Ethical knowing

Ethical knowing is the study of moral reasoning. Ethical knowledge is a way of knowing that relies on ethical principles and can be studied in two ways:

• Ethical knowing is a process, not an end result. It’s not about being able to pass an exam or get above average marks on your tests, but rather about developing an understanding of how to apply ethics in real life situations.

• Ethical knowing involves taking responsibility for our actions (and those around us), even if we don’t agree with them at first glance!

Theoretical knowing

The theoretical knowing is a way of knowing that is based on the theories of science. It is based on the scientific method and evidence, experimentation and the scientific method.

The theoretical knowing requires systematic thinking.

Four ways of knowing in nursing

• Personal knowledge is the most basic type of nursing knowledge and involves a person’s own experiences. It can be acquired through observation, participation in clinical practice, reflection on past experiences or conversations with others.

• Empirical knowledge is the result of information derived from scientific studies or research that has been validated by experts in their field (such as nurses). This type of information provides concrete evidence on which to base professional decisions about patient care.

• Esthetic knowledge deals with human perception: how humans form judgments about things such as artistry or beauty; whether an object is ugly because it lacks symmetry or looks too messy; whether a design is elegant because it uses only simple shapes rather than complex ones; etcetera…

• Ethical values guide our decision making process when working within any given context (e.g., determining if treatment should be provided for someone who has requested it). Such ethical concerns may include privacy issues involving doctors’ offices when talking about patients’ health records; conflict resolution strategies used during disagreements between peers over treatment plans; etcetera…

Takeaway:

The takeaway from this article is that the fundamental pattern for nursing knowledge and Barbara Carper’s theory are similar. Both patterns have four stages:

• Defining the problem or challenge

• Generating ideas

• Formulating a hypothesis

• Testing/evaluating hypothesis

Conclusion

With these patterns of knowing, a nurse can develop a solid foundation to make the most of her experience and skills. As you can see, there are many ways to use your knowledge in nursing. This particular pattern of knowing is designed to help students develop methods for their own practice, as well as provide guidance on how they apply their knowledge as professionals.