NR 503 DeVry Complete Week Discussions Paper NR 503 DeVry Complete Week Discussions Paper ? NR 503 Discussion 1 Latest Discussion Part One (graded) Discuss one historical epidemiological event or accomplishment that has left an impact on healthcare as we know it. Clearly identify, describe, and define key points or people in the event or accomplishment NR 503 DeVry Week 1 Discussion 2 Latest Discussion Part Two (graded) How might such an event have an impact on the goals and objectives of Healthy People 2020? NR 503 DeVry Week 1 Discussion 3 Latest Discussion Part Three (graded) Please provide a summary of the case or information you have discussed this week. CLICK HERE TO ORDER YOUR NR 503 DeVry Complete Week Discussions Paper NR 503 DeVry Week 2 Discussion 1 Latest Discussion Part One (graded) Shelby is a 32-year-old mother of two, who has smoked 1 pack-per-day for the last 15 years, and who comes to see you today for her yearly well-woman exam in your family practice clinic. She has a family history, in a single paternal grandmother of breast cancer at age 52. She also has a history of an abnormal cervical cancer screening three years ago requiring colposcopy. Given her history please consider the following: Choose one screening test that might be considered either now or in the next few years of Shelbys care. Define the test, its positive predictive value, reliability and validity. NR 503 DeVry Week 2 Discussion 2 Latest Discussion Part Two (graded) Upon the course of your history you find out that Shelby has a great aunt on her mothers side who died of ?some woman cancer in her stomach and an uncle on her fathers side who died of pancreatic cancer. Her mother and older sisters are all in good health. Does this information change your recommendations for screening? Why or why not? NR 503 DeVry Week 2 Discussion 3 Latest Discussion Part Three (graded) Please provide a summary of the case or information you have discussed this week. NR 503 DeVry Week 3 Discussion 1 Latest Discussion Part One (graded) Risk and Cohort Study Design As an Advanced Practice Nurse, you will care for patients who are at risk for specific diseases. Please pick one chronic or infectious disease specific to a population in your geographic area and provide evidence of risk, relative risk, and odds ratio in relation to that disease, and specific risks in the population you identified. NR 503 DeVry Week 3 Discussion 2 Latest Discussion Part Two (graded) Now that you have identified the disease and risk, what is one evidence-based action that you could take within your local community or patient population to prevent this risk? NR 503 DeVry Week 3 Discussion 3 Latest Discussion Part Three (graded) Please provide a summary of the case or information you have discussed this week. NR 503 DeVry Week 4 Discussion 1 Latest Discussion Part One (graded) Disease Causation Steve, a 54-year-old Caucasian male, presents for a first time visit to your clinic. His history includes five sexual partners in the last 25 years, two of those within the last twelve months, lack of physical activity of any kind as he is an over-the-road truck driver, 25-year history of smoking 1 pack per day, and no immunizations of any kind that he can recall since high school. His father died of a myocardial infarction at age 62. His mother is alive and has hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and Type 2 Diabetes. His BMI is 31 and his blood pressure is 142/90. Name one disease he is at risk for and provide evidence on how one of his risk factors is tied to causation of that disease. NR 503 DeVry Week 4 Discussion 2 Latest Discussion Part Two (graded) Create a plan of care based on the disease risk you chose and define whether steps of that plan of care are primary, secondary, or tertiary prevention. NR 503 DeVry Week 4 Discussion 3 Latest Discussion Part Three (graded) Please provide a summary of the case or information you have discussed this week. NR 503 DeVry Week 5 Discussion 1 Latest Discussion Part One (graded) Epidemiologic Sub-fields Pick a disease in your geographic area and identify how it is tied to either infectious, chronic, gynecological or sexually transmitted infection (STI), environmental, cultural or geographic causation. NR 503 DeVry Week 5 Discussion 2 Latest Discussion Part Two (graded) Provide the specific descriptive epidemiological aspects of this disease as it relates to your geographic area. NR 503 DeVry Week 5 Discussion 3 Latest Discussion Part Three (graded) Please provide a summary of the case or information you have discussed this week. NR 503 DeVry Week 6 Discussion 1 Latest Discussion Part One (graded) Genetics and Epidemiology Pick one friend or family member and gather their family health history. Pick one possible genetic risk for disease in that person and provide the following: Gender, age Genetic risk for a specific disease Define the disease Evidence to link risk to development Identify if genetics is confounded or linked to any other epidemiological risk factors for disease development that might be modified in this patient. NR 503 DeVry Week 6 Discussion 2 Latest Discussion Part Two (graded) Discuss screening tools that might be an option for this person and why or why you would not recommend them at this time. Remember to provide evidence to support your answer. NR 503 DeVry Week 6 Discussion 3 Latest Discussion Part Three (graded) Please provide a summary of the case or information you have discussed this week. NR 503 DeVry Week 7 Discussion 1 Latest Discussion Part One (graded) As an Advanced Practice Nurse, you will care for patients who are at risk for opioid abuse or addiction. Please research and present the incidence of opioid abuse specific to your geographic area and provide evidence of risk, relative risk, and odds ratio in relation to opioid abuse, and if specific risks have been identified for a specific population(s). NR 503 DeVry Week 7 Discussion 2 Latest Discussion Part Two (graded) Please identify one local prevention or screening program tied specifically to opioid abuse / addiction and provide a brief overview of the purpose, program, and ongoing surveillance or evaluation of success. NR 503 DeVry Week 7 Discussion 3 Latest Discussion Part Three (graded) Please provide a summary of the case or information you have discussed this week and how you will incorporate these findings in your practice as an APRN

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION;

Discuss one historical epidemiological event or accomplishment that has left an impact on healthcare

Introduction

Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health, disease, and other health outcomes. An epidemiological study can be used to determine what factors are responsible for an illness or injury. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), “Epidemiologists collect data on disease occurrence and assess risk factors in order to provide evidence-based recommendations on preventive action.” Epidemiology has been around since ancient times; however, scientists have only recently come up with techniques that allow them to collect data on large groups of people efficiently. In light of this technology being available today, it’s easier than ever before for epidemiologists to conduct research that will impact how we view our health.

One of the most well-known Epidemiological studies of all time was done in the 1950s.

• The most well-known Epidemiological study of all time was done in the 1950s, in a small village named Framingham.

• It was conducted by Rosalyn Yalow and Solomon Berson, who were looking for ways to improve the medical care of patients with heart disease.

• They studied 1,068 people over a period of 20 years and found that people with high cholesterol had an increased risk of developing heart disease and stroke compared to those who had normal levels or lower ones.*

The study took place in Framingham, Massachusetts, where residents were investigated to discover what risk factors were responsible for cardiovascular disease.

The Framingham Heart Study was started in 1948 and has been ongoing ever since. It’s one of the largest long-term cohort studies, covering over 5,000 people living in Framingham, Massachusetts who have been followed up for 13 years.

The study took place at a time when there was still a lot of uncertainty about what factors could cause cardiovascular disease (CVD). Researchers wanted to find out if there were any common risk factors that could be used to predict CVD.

There were 5000 participants over an average of 13 years.

There were 5000 participants over an average of 13 years. The study was conducted in the United States and China, with a focus on patients with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and chronic kidney disease (CKD).

The subjects were followed up to age 85 years.

The study found that factors like high blood pressure and cholesterol were predictors of heart disease.

In the early 1960s, a study was conducted to determine whether high blood pressure and cholesterol were predictors of heart disease. The results showed that both factors were important risk factors for developing coronary artery disease (CAD).

Cholesterol is one type of fat found in your body which can lead to atherosclerosis or hardening of the arteries. High levels of LDL cholesterol raise your risk for CAD as well as heart attacks, stroke and other cardiovascular problems. LDL cholesterol is created when you eat foods high in saturated fats such as butter and coconut oil; these kinds of fats are also found naturally in meat products such as red meat or pork chops which may be consumed daily by many Americans on average during their lifetimes (1).

The study accurately predicted that 81 percent of the men and 86 percent of the women would develop heart disease.

The study accurately predicted that 81 percent of the men and 86 percent of the women would develop heart disease.

This is one example of an epidemiological event that has left an impact on healthcare.

After this study occurred, it became common practice to prescribe a healthy lifestyle and diet to patients at risk for heart disease.

The Framingham Heart Study, which was conducted in the 1950s and 1960s, showed that lifestyle factors were important for heart disease. In fact, risk factors could be identified and treated with diet and exercise. This study led to a number of other studies that focused on ways to prevent or treat cardiovascular disease (CVD).

The Framingham Heart Study also contributed to other advancements in health care such as:

• The discovery of cholesterol reduction drugs like statins

• New treatments for hypertension

Epidemiologic studies can have a profound effect on how we view our health.

Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events. It can be used to determine the risk factors for disease and predict future outbreaks.

The field of epidemiologic research has grown since its founding in 1895 by Dr William Farr, when he published “The Study of Admissions to Asylums” (which later became known as The Battering Ram). The work was groundbreaking in that it showed how mental illness could be linked to social conditions like poverty or family breakdown; this observation led him on a path toward developing an understanding of human behavior at large through his studies into mental illness.

Conclusion

Epidemiology is a science that studies the causes of disease. Epidemiologists attempt to understand why certain diseases are more common in certain locations and environments. For example, if there was an outbreak of a particular disease in one town or city but not another nearby town or city then perhaps it might be because people living in one area have access to better healthcare than those living in another part of town. These kinds of studies can help us identify trends that could lead us toward better understanding about how we prevent diseases before they start affecting our lives.