Decision-Making Model: Uustals Nine Step Model Decision-Making Model: Uustals Nine Step Model Uustal (1993) proposed a decision-making model that provides concrete steps in which to arrive at a morally acceptable solution when faced with an ethical dilemma. What type of an ethical dilemma have you encountered in the clinical setting? How can the decision-making model identified by Uustals 9 steps be applied to this situation? Be specific when describing each of the nine steps. ? BrainMass Inc. brainmass.com March 22, 2019, 12:30 am ad1c9bdddf https://brainmass.com/health-sciences/health-care-ethics/uustal-s-nine-step-decision-making-model-503358 Solution Preview I have encountered an ethical dilemma in the clinical setting in which I had to make a decision as to which patient would be treated first in a situation in which I could only treat one patient at a time, although both patients had arrived for treatment at the same time. Step one would be to clearly define the objective that is to be achieved, and in this case the objective was to ensure that both patients received the treatment that they needed based on the priority of their medical conditions. Step two would be to identify and understand all of the options that are ? Decision-Making Model: Uustals Nine Step Model ORDER YOUR PROFESSIONAL PAPER HERE 9 Step Decision Making Model What is it? The 9 step decision making model is proposed by David Welsh in his book ?Decisions, Decisions. He calls it a?subjective expected utility maximisation?process. A utility, he explains, is a technical term used by economists and philosophers to indicate happiness, pleasure or satisfaction. Subjective indicates that its your pleasure, and expected because it is satisfaction or pleasure that you dont yet have, but hope to get. He suggests that SEU maximisation is the ideal. Using the 9 step decision making model allows you to consistently aim to maximise your pleasure, and will be better for you in the long run than making decisions in any other way. The 9 step decision making model Step 1 ? Identify your objectiveWhat is it you wish to achieve? ? Step 2 ? Do a preliminary survey of your optionsBesides the most obvious choices available to you, what other kinds of options can you think of? ? Step 3 ? Identify the implicated valuesWhat values are at stake here? If its an easy or unimportant decision you may not necessarily do this step. But if the decision has a major impact on your wealth, your health or self-respect, then its useful to be aware of it. ? Step 4 ? Assess the importance of the decisionThe importance of the decision will determine how much you invest in it in terms of time, energy and money. The importance is determined by examining the implicated values.You may also have to consider the context here as well, a different situation or environment can mean that a decision that is often not very important can become very significant. ? Step 5 ? Budget your time and energyHaving identified the main alternatives and the values, now decide on which time and energy to spend making the decision itself. More important decisions are given more time and energy. He suggests that busy people and nervous wrecks made worse decisions than other people. ? Step 6 ? Choose a decision making strategyThis step of the 9 step decision making model involves making another decision. The time and energy you plan to devote will affect the strategy you choose.And because the strategy you choose may profoundly affect your decision its important to choose an appropriate one. (He examines some decision making strategies in chapter 2) ? Step 7 ? Identify your optionsWhen you examine your options in more detail you may discover other options with different implicated values. He points out that occasionally you may have to go back to step three to five and make revisions.Sometimes outside expertise may be able to provide options that you havent thought of. ? Step 8 ? Evaluate your optionsThis is where you compare the options available to you. Again he suggests that seeking advice from an expert is often easier than making the decision on your own. ? Step 9 ? Make your choice ? on time, on budgetWhen youre finished doing the evaluation (only as much as it requires!), you make your choice. He notes that people may still have difficulty at this stage because they fear the consequences of making a bad decision. ? A colleague of his was once told ?Relax, no matter what you choose, you will regret it. He considers this timeless wisdom because it is almost always possible to regret the choices we make. He suggests that by rigidly sticking to a decision making schedule and budget you will eventually tame the demon of regret. (Not a pretty picture!) ? The pros and cons As well as the 9 step decision making model, he explains how we get caught out by numbers,?gamblers fallacy, as well as some of the other decision making?biases and mistakes?that we are subject to as human beings. Step six and nine of this 9 step decision making model seem to be tricky ones, the ones where you are actually choose between options! Step six to choose the strategy, and step nine to actually choose an option. The author seems to be very pessimistic, preparing people for the fact that they will sometimes be making bad decisions. Of interest, too, is the idea that initially he says that self reflection is very important. However, in this 9 step decision making model, there is no step that considers reviewing and assessing whether it was a good decision or not. 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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 

Decision-Making Model: Uustals Nine Step Model

Introduction

The Uustals Nine Step Model is a decision making model for analyzing, prioritizing and selecting the most effective course of action. It was created by Dr. Gordon Uustal in the mid-1980s and has been adopted by hundreds of organizations worldwide. In this article, we’ll use it to help us understand how we should approach problem solving when faced with a new project or opportunity!

*Identify the problem.

• Identify the problem.

• Define the problem.

• Understand the problem.

• Know the problem, or be able to describe it in detail and explain how it affects your business or organization, how much time and money it takes to solve this issue, who else is affected by this issue (e.g., customers), what are some possible solutions for solving this issue (e.g., new processes), etc.?

*Gather information.

• Gather information. This is the first step in the model and it’s important to remember that gathering information is a process, not an event. You may have to gather information from multiple sources or even do some research on your own if you’re not sure which sources will be most helpful for your situation.

It’s also important to gather as much relevant data as possible when making decisions about a customer or stakeholder—and by “relevant,” we mean anything related to them: their needs; what they value; what motivates them; etceteras . . . The more detail you can include in those documents (and other forms) about these things, the better off you’ll be when it comes time for decision-making time!

*Generate possible courses of action.

• Generate possible courses of action.

• Consider the benefits and drawbacks of each course of action.

• Consider the value of each course of action.

• Consider feasibility of each course of action.

• Consider risks associated with each course of action

*Evaluate each course of action.

• Estimate the time and resources needed to implement each course of action.

• Decide which courses of action are most likely to succeed, or even feasible, in terms of resources.

• Determine whether it’s possible for you personally to take on some or all of the tasks associated with implementing each course of action. If not, what other people need from your help in order for them to be successful?

*Choose the best course of action.

The next step is to choose the best course of action. This can be a difficult decision, and you may need to consider all of your options before making an ultimate decision. You should evaluate each option carefully and look at what each has to offer in terms of benefits and drawbacks. Once you’ve chosen an option, do not be afraid to try something new!

*Take actions to implement the solution.

Step 1: Take action to implement the solution. Once you have identified a solution, take the necessary steps to implement it and make sure that you have all of the resources available to do so. In this step, make sure you are fully committed to taking action on your decision-making model; if not, then no matter what else happens in life—you will not be able to carry out this process successfully in any way possible!

*Evaluate progress and outcomes.

• Evaluate progress and outcomes.

• What to look for when evaluating progress and outcomes:

• Are the goals being met?

• Is there a change in behavior, attitude or performance since the last evaluation?

• What can we do to improve our results in the future?

*Continually monitor and evaluate the solution.

• Monitor and evaluate the solution.

• Keep an eye on progress.

• Make sure you are still on track with your goals, objectives and targets.

*Revise or refine the solution as needed.

• Revise or refine the solution as needed.

If you find that your solution isn’t working, it’s time to revise or refine it. The first step in doing this is making sure that you have a clear understanding of what exactly is going wrong with your current approach and how much time has been spent on it so far (is this something we’re getting better at?). If there are several different parts of the problem at play, it might be helpful to split them up into smaller groups so they can be addressed separately (e.g., “I’m having problems with X” vs “I need help fixing Y”). This will also allow us more time in our schedule since we won’t have any distractions while working on each part independently; however, if we do end up needing more help than originally thought necessary then maybe try taking advantage of some free resources nearby instead!

Takeaway:

Takeaway:

• Uustals Nine Step Model is a decision-making model that helps you make better decisions.

You can use it to help you decide whether or not to buy a car, which phone plan to choose, and how much money you need in savings.

Conclusion

The Uustals Nine-Step Decision-Making Model is a framework for making decisions that can be applied to any situation. It breaks down the decision-making process into nine steps, which are summarized below: