NR 503 DeVry Week 1 Key Concepts Worksheet? NR 503 DeVry Week 1 Key Concepts Worksheet ? ? NR 503 DeVry Week 1 Key Concepts Worksheet Latest Details: Purpose The purpose of this assignment is to identify key concepts in epidemiology that will assist the student in understanding the purpose of epidemiology as it relates to clinical practice, surveillance and prevention of disease, and healthcare research. You will work on building a foundation of definitions and an understanding of how they apply to monitoring disease in populations. Course Outcomes Through this assignment, the student will demonstrate the ability to: (CO#1) Define key terms in epidemiology, community health, and population-based research. Due Date: Sunday 11:59 p.m. (MT) at the end of Week 1 Total Points Possible: 50 CLICK HERE TO ORDER YOUR NR 503 DeVry Week 1 Key Concepts Worksheet Requirements: 1. Complete the Epidemiological Key Concepts Worksheet. 2. For each question identify the correct answer and cite the source used to answer the questions 3. Submit the worksheet to the DropBox by 11:59 p.m. MT Sunday of Week 1 Course Information Worksheet Prior to completing this worksheet, review the Week 1 lecture and reading assignments (Chapters 1-4 of your course text). Provide a complete answer to each question. Each question is worth 5 points. Please cite the source of each answer below the answer as in the example provided below. EXAMPLE:?Question: Modes of indirect common vehicle disease transmission include single exposure, multiple exposures, and continuous exposure. Source: Gordis, L. (2014). Epidemiology (5thed.). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. Chapter 2, p. 20. 1. Define Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary prevention. 2. True or False: Prevention and treatment of a single specific disease are exclusive activities that do not occur together when providing care to a patient. 3. The ________________ Concept is important because in counting incidence and prevalence of disease it is not sufficient to count only clinically apparent cases, but those who are asymptomatic or exposed without infection. 4. Please define the following: Clinical Disease ? Preclinical Disease ? Subclinical Disease ? Persistent (Chronic) Disease ? Latent Disease ? 5. Match the following terms with their definition: ____ Pandemic A. Habitual presence of a disease within a geographic area. ____ Endemic B. Occurrence of a disease in a community/geographic area in excess of normal expectancy. ____ Common-Vehicle Exposure C. Resistance of a group of people to a disease because a large portion of the population is immune. ____ Epidemic D. An excessive occurrence of disease present globally. ____ Herd Immunity E. When a group of people are exposed to a substance or organism that causes common illness. 6. What is the one medical advance that is associated with the Black Death in Europe in the late 1300s? 7. This is a two part question: A. Define, through a fractional representation, what attack rate is. B. After a large wedding reception several people develop symptoms of acute gastroenteritis. It appeared to be tied to eating a specific seafood salad sered. Using the following 2 by 2 table, numerically represent the attack rate for wedding attendees who ate the seafood salad Ate Seafood Salad Did not eat Seafood Salad Gastroenteritis symptoms 72 15 No gastroenteritis symptoms 24 135 8. Define the following: active surveillance, passive surveillance, incidence rate, and prevalence rate. 9. There are two parts to this question: A. What are two reasons that the prevalence rate of a disease I a community could decrease? B. What are age-adjusted death rates used for? 10. Name and define at least two measures of mortality as fractional representations. 

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION;

Discuss modes of indirect common vehicle disease transmission include single exposure, multiple exposures, and continuous exposure

Introduction

When you think about transmission, you probably think of direct exposure. However, there are other ways that diseases can be transmitted. In this article we’ll cover indirect common vehicle disease transmission, including single exposure and continuous exposure.

A single exposure ingestion of pathogen contaminated feces or food.

A single exposure ingestion of pathogen contaminated feces or food.

Examples of pathogens that can cause disease in this way include Cryptosporidium oocysts, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter jejuni, Yersinia enterocolitica and more.

How to prevent this type of infection:

• Wash your hands frequently with soap and water. • Do not drink contaminated water (unless you are using a filter that removes pathogens). • Avoid eating raw meat or fish in countries where sanitation is poor.

• Avoid eating raw fruits and vegetables that can be contaminated with fecal matter or pathogens. • Do not eat food that has been left at room temperature for several hours.

• Do not drink unpasteurized milk or juice. • Avoid raw sprouts and salad items such as cucumbers, lettuce and tomatoes that may be grown with contaminated water.

Multiple exposures person to person spread by direct contact with contaminated hands of an infected or colonized person or by contamination of the environment.

• Multiple exposures person to person spread by direct contact with contaminated hands of an infected or colonized person or by contamination of the environment.

• Person-to-person spread can occur through direct contact with an infected person; this includes but is not limited to:

• Direct contact with contaminated items, surfaces and objects that are in close proximity to each other (e.g., a tablecloth).

• Touching one’s mouth when eating food prepared on the same surface that has been contaminated (e.g., a tablecloth).

Touching one’s mouth after touching contaminated surfaces or objects (e.g., doorknobs).

Continuous exposure infection acquired over a long period of time is common among children in daycare and long-term care facilities and people living in group settings.

Continuous exposure infection acquired over a long period of time is common among children in daycare and long-term care facilities, as well as people living in group settings. For example, persons who have been infected with measles can infect others through their droplets after coughing or sneezing (direct contact) or by contaminating surfaces with virus on their hands as they touch other people or objects like doorknobs, cups, and toys.

In order to better understand this transmission route of indirect common vehicle disease transmission include single exposure, multiple exposures, and continuous exposure we’ll first look at how direct person-to-person spread occurs between two people who both have measles:

The first person will have a fever and cough for about two weeks, followed by a rash that begins on the face and spreads downward to the rest of the body. The second person will develop symptoms approximately one week after being exposed to measles virus through coughing or sneezing. The incubation period is usually between seven and 14 days but can range from 12-21 days.

Modes of indirect common vehicle disease transmission include single exposure, multiple exposures, and continuous exposure

Here are the three modes of indirect common vehicle disease transmission:

• Single exposure – An individual comes in contact with an infected organism and becomes ill. The infection may be received through direct contact, such as by touching contaminated surfaces or items, or indirectly by ingesting contaminated food or water.

• Multiple exposures – A person who has been exposed to an infected animal or human being can become infected if he or she later handles that same animal or human being’s excrement/excrement (feces). This type of transmission is especially common in veterinary practices where animals are frequently handled by workers without proper hand washing procedures, which allows for spread of diseases like salmonellosis from pets to humans; this also applies when handling sick animals at pet stores where there may be no separate area set aside for cleaning up after these animals’ waste products remain present on tables throughout their stay at the store’s premises (such as those found at grocery stores).

The most common source of salmonellosis is undercooked poultry, although it can also be transmitted by eating raw eggs, drinking unpasteurized milk (which may be contaminated with animal feces), and handling infected birds or their droppings.

Conclusion

The modes of indirect common vehicle disease transmission include single exposure, multiple exposures, and continuous exposure. In a study conducted at the University of California San Francisco, researchers found that 40% of children who attended daycare had infection with Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) bacteria. This is an example of single exposure where one child became infected by an infected caregiver’s feces.