NURS 6052: Module 5: Evidence-Based Decision Making
NURS 6052: Module 5: Evidence-Based Decision Making
NURS
| Due By | Assignment |
|---|---|
| Week 8, Days 1-2 | Read the Learning Resources. Compose your initial Discussion post. |
| Week 8, Day 3 | Post your initial Discussion post. Begin to compose your Assignment. |
| Week 8, Days 4-5 | Review peer Discussion posts. Compose your peer Discussion responses. Continue to compose your Assignment. |
| Week 8, Day 6 | Post two peer Discussion responses. Continue to compose your Assignment. |
| Week 8, Day 7 | Wrap up Discussion. |
| Week 9, Days 1-6 | Continue to compose your Assignment. |
| Week 9, Day 7 | Deadline to submit your Assignment. |
Learning Objectives
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NURS 6052:Module 5: Evidence-Based Decision Making (Weeks 8-9)
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Students will:
- Analyze the impact of patient preferences on clinical decision making
- Analyze decision aids
- Analyze opportunities for change within healthcare organizations
- Recommend evidence-based organizational changes using an evidence-based practice approach to decision making
- Recommend strategies for effective dissemination of information
- Identify measurable outcomes addressed by evidence-based changes
Learning Resources
Note: To access this week’s required library resources, please click on the link to the Course Readings List, found in the Course Materials section of your Syllabus.
Required Readings
Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2018). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare: A guide to best practice (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.
- Chapter 7, “Patient Concerns, Choices and Clinical Judgement in Evidence-Based Practice” (pp. 219–232)
Hoffman, T. C., Montori, V. M., & Del Mar, C. (2014). The connection between evidence-based medicine and shared decision making. Journal of the American Medical Association, 312(13), 1295–1296. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.10186. Retrieved from https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/1910118
Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.
Kon, A. A., Davidson, J. E., Morrison, W., Danis, M., & White, D. B. (2016). Shared decision making in intensive care units: An American College of Critical Care Medicine and American Thoracic Society policy statement. Critical Care Medicine, 44(1), 188–201. doi:10.1097/CCM.0000000000001396. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4788386/
Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.
Opperman, C., Liebig, D., Bowling, J., & Johnson, C. S., & Harper, M. (2016). Measuring return on investment for professional development activities: Implications for practice. Journal for Nurses in Professional Development, 32(4), 176–184. doi:10.1097/NND.0000000000000483
Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.
Schroy, P. C., Mylvaganam, S., & Davidson, P. (2014). Provider perspectives on the utility of a colorectal cancer screening decision aid for facilitating shared decision making. Health Expectations, 17(1), 27–35. doi:10.1111/j.1369-7625.2011.00730.x
Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.
Discussion: Patient Preferences and Decision Making
Changes in culture and technology have resulted in patient populations that are often well informed and educated, even before consulting or considering a healthcare need delivered by a health professional. Fueled by this, health professionals are increasingly involving patients in treatment decisions. However, this often comes with challenges, as illnesses and treatments can become complex.
What has your experience been with patient involvement in treatment or healthcare decisions?
In this Discussion, you will share your experiences and consider the impact of patient involvement (or lack of involvement). You will also consider the use of a patient decision aid to inform best practices for patient care and healthcare decision making.
To Prepare:
- Review the Resources and reflect on a time when you experienced a patient being brought into (or not being brought into) a decision regarding their treatment plan.
- Review the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute’s Decision Aids Inventory at https://decisionaid.ohri.ca/.
- Choose “For Specific Conditions,” then Browse an alphabetical listing of decision aids by health topic.
NOTE: To ensure compliance with HIPAA rules, please DO NOT use the patient’s real name or any information that might identify the patient or organization/practice.
By Day 3 of Week 8
Post a brief description of the situation you experienced and explain how incorporating or not incorporating patient preferences and values impacted the outcome of their treatment plan. Be specific and provide examples. Then, explain how including patient preferences and values might impact the trajectory of the situation and how these were reflected in the treatment plan. Finally, explain the value of the patient decision aid you selected and how it might contribute to effective decision making, both in general and in the experience you described. Describe how you might use this decision aid inventory in your professional practice or personal life.
By Day 6 of Week 8
Respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days and offer alternative views on the impact of patient preferences on treatment plans or outcomes, or the potential impact of patient decision aids on situations like the one shared.
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Patient Preferences and Decision Making
Introduction
The idea of shared decision-making is simple: Patients should be able to make health care decisions based on their own values and preferences. However, there are many barriers to implementing this model in practice. In particular, there is a lack of evidence on how well patients actually do when they participate in shared decision making processes with providers. This article will discuss the best available evidence for patient preferences and decision making, as well as what needs to be done to implement these models more effectively across all settings where they could make a difference.
Patient preferences are at the core of shared decision-making.
Patient preferences are at the core of shared decision-making. Patients should be involved in making decisions about their care, but they may not have all the information they need to make informed decisions or express their preferences. They may also be unable to understand what options are available or communicate them effectively.
In addition, patients may have conflicting preferences or may be unable to choose between options that are equally appealing. For example, they may want the best possible treatment but also want to avoid invasive procedures such as surgery or chemotherapy.
Shared decision-making models can be used to gauge patient preferences.
You might be familiar with the idea of shared decision-making, which is a way for patients and health care providers to work together to make the best possible decisions for themselves. In this model, physicians and other health professionals will discuss treatments with their patient and then make an informed recommendation based on their findings.
In some cases, decisions that are more complicated or controversial can trigger problems within shared decision-making models. For example, when it comes time to make a medical decision about diet or exercise recommendations, some people may have strong preferences that go against what others feel is right for them and if those differences aren’t resolved beforehand (or at all), they could cause conflict between family members or friends who disagree about how best to handle such matters together!
The best evidence for shared decision making comes from community-based participatory research projects.
The best evidence for shared decision making comes from community-based participatory research projects. In these studies, patients are asked to make decisions about their treatment and then meet with a clinician who helps them understand the options available and provides information about their risks and benefits.
The process of shared decision making can be used to gauge patient preferences. The outcomes of this kind of survey are useful because they provide an objective snapshot of how people feel about different treatments, allowing researchers to compare those results with those obtained in other contexts (e.g., clinical trials).
Communication is essential to shared decision-making.
This is a two-way process. The doctor must communicate with the patient, but it is also important for patients to be aware of their own preferences and values. Patients may not always know what they want or need. They may have different beliefs about treatment options that are based on their faith or culture, so it’s important for doctors to take time to understand these differences before making recommendations
Patients make better decisions when they understand their options and can share their preferences
In order to make the best decision possible, patients should be involved in their own care and treatment. Patients should be able to ask questions about their options, risks, and benefits. The more information you can provide your patients about their choices, the better off they will be in making decisions for themselves.
Patients should be able to discuss with their doctors any concerns they may have about treatment options, including the risks and benefits of each. It is important for patients to feel comfortable asking questions and expressing concerns about their treatments; this helps ensure that they receive the best care possible.
Conclusion
The goal of shared decision-making is to help patients understand their options and to empower them to make decisions in the best interest of themselves. Unfortunately, this can be a difficult process for many patients because they have little experience or knowledge of health care services. We hope that our brief overview of shared decision-making will help educate individuals on the topic and encourage them to participate in the process!
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